Doing business globally and internationally (ARR) Essay

Doing business globally and internationally (ARR) - Essay Example .. 14 Appendices †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦... 16 Part A 1. With reference to the academic literature and using your analysis of relevant environmental factors, speculate how and why BP identified AAR as a potential ‘partner’. In which areas are the expected benefits and synergies for both companies involved? BP and ARR met in March 2003 to establish a joint venture having the equal proportion i.e. 50-50% in the oil and gas sector of Russia (Sylvia, 2011). TNK and Sidanco were the target companies of this joint venture. BP i.e. British Petroleum is one of the most renowned oil and gas exploration based companies which is running many sub divisions under various different forms across the globe. The other party to the joint venture is ARR which is a consortium developed by some richest investor groups of Russia namely as Alfa Group, Acce ss Industries and Renova. This joint venture was quite important for both BP and AAR as both these firms had their own unique expertise due to which they could exploit the synergy effect if they could work together as a combined entity. There were numerous environmental factors associated with both the companies due to which both of these companies became indispensible for each other. Following are some of the factors due to which BP identified AAR as its partner under this joint venture: 1. ... In such case, BP preferred AAR, a private consortium but with billions of dollars in their pockets to safeguard the interest of TNK-BP. 2. Local knowledge and working relations with government Another important reason for the selection of ARR by BP is local knowledge, expertise, industry practices, and cultural awareness of ARR being a rich investor group of Russia, which could help TNK-BP easier than BP. In order to meet any confrontation with the Russian government, AAR can manage this situation in a better and efficient manner than that of BP because of maintaining appropriate level of working relations with their government, local community and other environmental stakeholders. Expected Benefits and Synergies TNK-BP is such a joint venture that could not only provide major benefits and synergies to both BP and AAR but also to Russian government. Being a multi-national company, BP has the ultimate expertise, knowledge and business skills in the massive field of oil and gas explora tion, refining, marketing, and retail business. The exposure, that BP carries with itself is unmatchable and allow other participants to use such expertise for their benefits. With the entry of BP into Russian oil and gas sector, Russia itself got an enormous opportunity to upgrade and develop its energy sector (Yenikeyeff, 2011). However, due to mismanagement and lack of government’s interest, BP could not avail those facilities, which it was realizing at initial projections. The joint venture TNK-BP benefitted from the synergy effect of the combination of BP and ARR. BP is world market leader in the field of oil and gas whereas AAR is consortium of the richest investors of Russia. The

Problems with the pre-admission call center Case Study

Problems with the pre-admission call center - Case Study Example The pre-admission procedure is an extremely crucial process in any infirmary. It is a crucial procedure because it provides the concerned doctor the chance to inform the infirmary of a patient’s surgery or appointment. It notifies of the patient’s admission date and the length of stay in the hospital. It is a prior encounter with a physician who elucidates the entire process, addresses any queries with regard to the treatment. It ensures that the ailing individual approves of his or her treatment at the infirmary. In this procedure, it is vital to confirm any individual details, Medicare or health coverage information, entitlement information and any physician’s information provided. The pre-admission call office has professionals, who have the responsibility to contact patients prior to admission to assess their medical accounts, confer their discharge needs, and respond to any queries that the ailing individuals might have, as well as offer directions with rega rd to the day of admittance to the infirmary. The nurse at the centre also ensures that the patient gets an appropriate appointment time for his or her respective medical procedure. In this same process, the patient might be required to get blood testing, x-rays, sessions with a physiotherapist and a dialogue with regard to discharge time. The pre-admission phase creates a chance for medical personnel to relate with the patients. This is usually to reveal the caring aspect of the infirmary via personalized, patient centric treatment. It provides an opportune time to foster ailing individual’s health literacy and their comprehension of care procedures so as to avert any needless readmissions (Forbes, p.1). A vital requirement to averting these readmissions is medical resolutions. This is where accessible and potential contra-intervening medical therapies are established and remediated. Persons with the least health literacy, low agreement profiles, and intricate regimens are m ost in danger. The doctor’s failure to recognize potential medication problems early is a patient security subject that can rapidly corrode a patient’s assurance in the infirmary. This can put patient in jeopardy. In addition, the pre-admission procedure assists reveal risks that can influence treatment and describe post release follow up treatments. This, consequently, enhances patient gratification issue. This process also assists in enhancing post discharge personal management. This is mainly to thwart expenses and perils related to needless re-admissions. The pre-admission process makes certain that all patients’ needs have been established. It also ensures that a patient comprehends everything that is going to occur and the related peril. It is a significant procedure since the patient’s as well as the infirmary’s resources is planned properly. An inclusive process assists in developing a positive initial impression on the client. The pre-admi ssion procedure ensures efficient resource utilization and advances patient gratification and security. Fostering post release process all through the pre-admission procedure can make sure that a patient has an affirmative last impression. This also ensures that the patient has adequate information required for a secure recuperation. The significant objective of the pre-admission procedure is education of patients. This is prior to treatment, as well as post discharge supervision. This process also aids in developing a checklist of requirements for varied patients. This helps in averting issues that emerge from incoherent additions or deletions in drug utilization. It also assists in directing the patient to the correct healthcare physiotherapist. It also ensures establishment of accountability as well as developing patients’ alerts utilizing a transitional treatment command office. Furthermore, it assists in the scheduling of treatment dates as well as making sure post disch arge best procedures are designed

Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease Progression

Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease Progression Alzheimer’s disease is slowly progressive and irreversible brain disease which is one of the most common cause of dementia [1]. In AD patients not only suffer from cognitive but also motor and sensory loss [2]. Although the mechanism of AD is not well understood still AD pathology is characterized by extra cellular amyloid-ÃŽ ² deposits and interacellular neurfibril tangles formation of hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Being irreversible and neurological damaging disease, its very important to detect and diagonse at earlier or at some controlable time point. Some useful AD diagonstic biomarkers are required for this purpose. These biomarkers should also fullful the criteria of usefulness for AD detection. Biomarkers should become abnormal with the progression of disease in other words they should be dynamic and correlate with clinical symptom and severity of disease [3]. Recent research on use of specific AD biomarker for disease staging in vivo shows that AÃŽ ² dynamically correlates with disease at different stages of disease progression[4] [5]. But AÃŽ ² level varies in patients. Which suggests, through process of AÃŽ ² production starts earlier but AÃŽ ² as a biomarker only is not relibale, therefore alternative biomarker must be found along with AÃŽ ² generation process. Figure1. Biomakers and AD early detection Source; Modified from Ingelsson, M et al 2004. [4] AÃŽ ² can be produced through proteolytic processing of APP (amyloid precursor protein), which takes central position in AD pathogenesis. APP is single-pass transmembrane protein with larger ectodomain. Although the physiological functions of APP are not well known but has neuroprotective function and positive effect on cell growth [6]. APP is mainly produced in neurons and rapidly metabolized by secretase enzymes through alternative splicing by two pathways [7] [8]. Nonamyloidogenic processing of APP involving two secretases ÃŽ ±-secretase and ÃŽ ³-secretase while in amyloidogenic processing ÃŽ ²-secretase (identified as transmembrane aspartase protease BACE1) and ÃŽ ³-secretase are involved. Product generated during both processings have soluble ectodomain (sAPP ÃŽ ± and sAPP ÃŽ ²) respectively along with identical product called AICD (intracellular C-terminal fregmenets)[9]. More importantly amyloidogenic processing generates AÃŽ ², a sequence contained by sAPP ÃŽ ² part. In brain APP processing generates mainly AÃŽ ²40 and AÃŽ ²42 based on 40 and 42 amino acids residues depending on secretases ( see secretase table 1) through alternative splicings [10]. Along with regulatory subunits of ÃŽ ³-secretase complex, catalytic subunits presenilin1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 ( PS2) are involved mainly in deciding the length of these toxic form of AÃŽ ². These toxic forms of AÃŽ ² can aggregate and form plauqe that has more toxic effect [11]. With the progression of AD, symptoms also spread along with it depending on the vlunerability of different party of nervous system. More vlunerable areas are suppose to be effected earlier to others, the reason AD smptoms appear in different regions in a sequential order and consistency, although meachnism is poorly understood. Out of these early symtoms, one is olfactory impairement [12], which suggest olfactory system is one of the early vlunerable region during AD progression. Therefore finding the correlation between early phenomen of APP processing and one of ther earlier vlunerable area of nervous system might lead to valueable insights. This research has focused on APP processing in peripheral structures, the olfactory epithelium(OE), as well as CNS structures responsible for processing of incoming olfactory signals such as olfactory bulb(OB). The present study found unique APP processing in OE that has significance in providing not only possible biomarkers (including 25kDa, 55kDa and 80kDa) that can be used for screening and detection of AD before plaque formation but also for treatment purpose. Additionally, PS2 increased level was found in OE that possibly involved in unique APP processing and might also be crucial for understanding the ÃŽ ³-secretase role and controlling AD through ÃŽ ³-secretase as a therapeutic target. Table 1. Secretases responsible for APP processing. MATERIAL AND METHODS MATERIAL AND METHODS 1.1. Animal 1.1 .1. Transgenic Alzheimer’s disease model Tg2576 mice In this study, heterozygous Tg2576 mice were used, which express a human amyloid-ÃŽ ² precursor protein (APP) variant linked to Alzheimer’ disease, as developed and described previously [21].Age-matched non-transgenic littermates were served as wild-type control. All animal experiments were approved and conducted in accordance with guidelines of Ethic Committee of Seoul National University DGIST. Transgenic Alzheimer’s disease model Tg6799 mice Another AD model used in this study was Tg6799 mice, which expresses human amyloid precursor protein (APP) with three familial Alzheimer’s disease point mutations and two human presenilin1 mutations thus also known as 5x FAD mice. Both of these mutation types mainly contribute to increased production of AÃŽ ²42 [22]. Age-matched non-transgenic littermates were served as wild-type control. All animal experiments were approved and conducted in accordance with guidelines of Ethic Committee of Seoul National University DGIST. Table2. Transgenic models used for this study. Olfactory behavioral analysis Food buried, behavior test was performed to measure the mice smell ability to find a buried food pellet using olfactory cues as previously described [23] [24] [25] [26]. Olfactory test was taken blindly without revealing any genotypic information of mice before and during the experiment. Mice were deprived of food around 35 hours with free access to water. Before starting the experiment, adaptation time was provided 5~10 min to let them adapt in new prepared cage with new bedding material. This step was important for mice to be adapted to the new environment so that they would able to focus on finding food in a new environment. Similar cage were prepared with bedding material depth approximately 5 cm and food pellet was buried 2.5 cm below the surface. Latency or cut-off time ~15 min maximum was provided to each mice to find buried food. Latency time was recorded, as time between mouse inserted into the cage and grasping the food pellet, precisely using video tracking software and sy stem (EthoVision xt 9).

Mary Tyler Moore Essay -- essays research papers

Who can turn the world on with her smile? One person stands out. A TV legend and an American icon: Mary Tyler Moore. Mary was born in Flatbush on December 29, 1973 to Irish-Catholic parents. Mary's family was neither rich nor poor. As a child, she attended St. Rose de Lima Parochial School. Her family moved to Los Angeles when she was only ten years old. When she became older, she became a popular actress. Through the years, Mary Tyler Moore has remained as popular as ever. With recent movies such as "Flirting With Disaster" and "Payback". But it wasn't always so easy for her. She started out as the leggy secretary, Sam on "Richard Diamond, Private Detective" in 1957, where you could only see her legs. In 1961, Mary got her biggest break yet, playing Laura Petrie, the wife of Rob on "The Dick Van Dyke Show". Mary played her part well for the next six years. During this time, she was awarded two Emmy's. In 1966, the show was taken off and Mary was left without a job. In 1967, Mary went on to play the part of Miss Dorothy in the Oscar winning, "Thoroughly Modern Millie". She played along side Julie Andrews and Carol Channing. In a survey taken by 97 people who had seen the movie, "Thoroughly Modern Millie" ranked a 7.7 out of on the rating scale, where 10 is the highest and 1 is the lowest. The number 10 received the highest number of votes (29). Through the years, Mary appeared in other movies, which did little for her career. Then, in 1969, she appeared with Dick Van Dyke in a special "How To Succeed in the 70's Without Really Trying" which appeared on CBS on April 13, 1969. It was this show that rekindled the network's interest in Mary Tyler Moore. CBS is reported to have said, "My God, we've discovered a star". CBS wanted Mary for a series. At the time, they felt that they needed to explain to the audience why a 30 year old woman had not been married. In a way, it demonstrated how limited the public's thinking was at the time, with respect to women. At first, the studio suggested a divorcee. Mary loved the idea, but the network soon decided that the viewing audience would think that Mary had divorced Dick Van Dyke. At first it was so frustrating to executives that they considered giving up on the series completely. On January 10, 1970,... ...eople will say "Can you believe people used to eat animals?". Mary Tyler Moore recently wrote her autobiography, which is entitled, "After All". Her biography proves that Mary Tyler Moore and Mary Richards are not much alike. She breaks new ground when she talks about her struggle with drugs and the pain of trying to help her brother commit suicide. Mary's latest feature film, "Flirting With Disaster", starring Ben Stiller and Patricia Arquette, shows a new side of Mary. The film teeters on the edge for most viewers who are used to the ‘Mary Richards' side of Mary Tyler Moore. Ms. Moore, on the other hand, thinks otherwise. "The characters are married adults and there's nothing actually explicitly shown. It's always over the back of the head and nothing is seen." After bit parts and lead roles, Mary Tyler Moore shows that she has had her share of ups and downs. Her production company, "Mary Tyler Moore", has produced many popular television sitcoms, and today, Mary is one of the wealthiest women in show business. In 1996 Mary was crowned Queen of Brooklyn, showing that she truly did "Make It After All"

How to do things

As the given quantity. How many significant figures are in the following quantities? Calculations with significant figures: Rounding: If the first digit to be dropped is 4 or less, then it and all following digits are simply dropped from the number If the first digit to be dropped is 5 or greater, then the last detained digit is increased by 1 (I. E. Round up). 4. 2349 4. 2379 10. 010 10. 016 Multiplication and Division: The final answer in the calculation should have the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the fewest significant figures. Addition and Subtraction: The final answer in the calculation should have the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places.Solve each of the following calculations and give an answer with the correct number of decimal places or significant figures. 45. 48 CM + 8. 057 CM = 1. 008 L – 0. 58596 L – 45. 7 x 0. 034 – 0. 00278 x 5 00 x 185 – 2. 40 / (4+ 125) = (3. 64 â⠂¬â€œ 0. 070) / 0. 00035 Conversion Factors: Conversion factors are used to change from one unit to another. Density, military, parts per million (pimp), parts per billion (BP), percentages, OLDS values are some examples of conversion factors. 1. 00 inch = 2. 54 CM is another conversion factor (metric to English and vice versa).Study Note: You do not need to memorize conversion factors. HOWEVER you should know how to write all the conversion factors listed above. Use the data on Table 1. 8 on page 21 and the table on the back of the textbook cover to solve C. F. Problems. A ewe examples of calculations using conversion factors: 1. A person who weighs 175 pounds is 8% body fat. How many pounds of fat does the person have? 2. The OLDS (or Lethal Dose that kills 50% of the test population†¦ Which are rats) value is a measure of a substance's toxicity. The lower the value the more toxic the substance.EVERY chemical has an OLDS value How many MGM of caffeine will kill a 175 pound pe rson if the OLDS of caffeine is 192 MGM/keg? 3. How many liters of olive oil are in 30. 0 g if the density of the oil is 0. 92 g/ml at 25 co? (Density is a C. F. Used to convert mass to volume for a liquid). *Challenge: How many goof gasoline are in 40. 1 gallons? Density: The amount of mass in a given volume for any substance. D =m/v Specific Gravity: A ratio of the density off liquid to the density of water. This is a ENTITLES number. Density and therefore specific gravity vary with temperature.Liquids become viscous when cooled and thin out when heated. A Hydrometer is used to measure the specific gravity of liquids like beer, urine, inkiest dyes and other substances. The specific gravity of urine can be a quick indicator of certain health problems: Reduced specific gravity diabetes insipid certain renal diseases excess fluid intake diabetes mellitus Raised specific gravity dehydration adrenal insufficiency nephritis congestive cardiac-failure liver disease Constant specific grav ity chronic renal disorder This brew-master in figure 1. 3 is using a hydrometer to determine the progress of fermentation. Why does ice float? Study Goals for Chapter 1: Write quantities in scientific notation (and vice versa) Identify the amount of significant figures in a measurement Use conversion factors to change units in a quantity Understand the importance of specific gravity readings of urine ENERGY Everything in the universe is either matter or energy Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space. Solids, liquids, gases, atoms, and even subatomic particles (protons, neutrons and electrons). Energy: The ability to do work.Two main categories of energy: Potential Energy: Stored energy such as food, gasoline, wood prior to burning, water at the top of a dam, TAP (the bodies energy source) etc. Kinetic Energy: Energy of motion such as running (burning carbohydrates and fat), driving a car (burning gasoline or hydrogen), water flowing over a dam, a campfire, etc. Electromag netic Radiation (light energy): Visible light, infrared light, ultraviolet light, microwaves, X- says are some examples of electromagnetic energy. As matter gets smaller (I. E. Approaching the bottom of the pyramid of life), it starts to behave like energy.Matter is nothing more than organized energy! Check out the film What the Bleep Do We Know For more on this subject of matter and energy. Heat: Temperature: Units of Energy: The SSL unit for energy is the Joule 0), a derived unit. The older and more common unit is the calorie (Cal). 1 calorie = 4. 184 J Energy and Nutrition For measuring the amount of energy in food or burned during exercise, the calories (aka food calorie) is used and is abbreviated C. When you read a label on a box of food the amount of energy is in food calories. 1 C = 1,000.Cal How do we measure the amount of C in food? Burn it in a calorimeter! When food is ignited and burned, the heat warms the water in the surrounding combustion chamber. The energy given of f by the food is proportional to the temperature change of the water and can be easily calculated. Please memorize the following conversion factors! You should leave this class knowing how much energy is in each food type. How many C are in 6. 0 oz of ground beef which contains 45. 0 Goff protein and 1 1. 0 g of fat? What are the main functions of fats, proteins and carbohydrates in the body?More on this at the end of the course. Temperature Conversions Table 2. 5 Celsius to Kelvin: -arc + 273 Celsius to Fahrenheit: -arc = (TFH – 32)/ 1. 8 No need to memorize these, Just know how to use them properly. Normal body temperature is 96. 8 – 98. 6 OF. Deviations outside of this range begin to impair body functions. Therefore, accurate readings to one decimal place are necessary. Specific Heat is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1. 0 grams of any substance exactly 1 co. Every substance absorbs heat, some more than others. Water has an extremely high heat capacity.In the reverse process (freezing) energy (heat) is lost. Why do you get chill when you exit the shower? Heat of Vaporization = Energy needed to convert 1. 0 Goff a liquid into a gas (or vapor). L to V, energy is absorbed by the liquid. V to L, energy is lost by the vapor. Heat mass X Heat of vaporization Hap for water = 540 cal/g. Of water Heat of Fusion = Energy needed to convert 1. 0 Goff a solid into a liquid. Heat = (mass) (Heat of fusion) Some substances go directly from the solid to the vapor phase. This process is called sublimation. Dry ice (CA), iodine (12), camphor, and menthol are examples.

Discuss the idea of the film narrator/narration in relation to verbal to visual issues

I will be looking at the different notions of the ‘narrator' in relation to both verbal and visual texts then I will be discussing the importance of montage and mise-en-scene in the construction of a film, otherwise the ‘narration' of a film. I will also examine concepts of the film narrator in relation to the verbal to visual process put forward by theorists and film scholars and use examples from the texts The Camomile Lawn by Mary Wesley (1984), The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje (1992) and Emma by Jane Austen (1816). I will also touch upon ‘focalization' within the context of the narrator. Before I discuss the concept of film narrator, I will briefly touch on the narrator of the literary text so as to realise the fundamental differences between them. In a verbal text, the narrator will fall into one of three basic types; the speaker who uses his own voice, one who assumes the voice/voices of other persons, and not speak in his own voice and one who uses a mixture of his own and other persons voices. Cuddon, 1998: 535) The distinction between the three are very important, where all are evidently still narrators, the speaker who uses his own voice or the first-person narrator is ‘active in the plot' whereby the speaker who do not use his voice, the third-person narrator is ‘outside or above the plot' yet still in the text (extra diegetic). In the verbal text, Emma, the story is told through an omniscient narrative. This narrator has the power to look into the character's psyche as well as manipulate the reader therefore their role as an objective narrator has failed; ‘Harriet certainly was not clever, but she had a sweet, docile, grateful disposition; was totally free from conceit; and only desiring to be guided by any one she looked up to. ‘ (Austen, 1816: 24). Here the narration is from the viewpoint of Emma describing Harriet's personality as she sees it. We do not know of her disposition as anything other than the way Emma prescribes. The problem here is that we get only a biased viewpoint and often you experience the author's intervention too. The third-person narrative in The English Patient is different; the storyteller stands further away from the immediate action. They do not attempt to intervene with the action other than tell it as it is presented; ‘She walks over the paved stones, grass in the cracks. He watches her black-stockinged feet, the thin brown dress. She leans over the balustrade. ‘ (Ondaatje, 1992: 32). In Wesley's The Camomile Lawn, there are constant transitions in focalizers as the novel is multi-voiced and follows the stories of several characters over many decades so the role of the narrator switches between characters often with just a space between paragraphs to separate the transitions. Still, it is easy to grasp and does not really intervene with the flow of the story. When making a movie, the two most important elements that matter are; a, everything that goes in the scene and b, the editing of the scenes. When referring to the scenes and its contents, it is known as mise-en-scene. Translated, it literally means putting-on-stage, and is ‘the arrangement of performers and properties on a stage for a theatrical production or before the camera in a film' (The American Heritage(r) Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, 2000). This term refers to the staging of the film and the director's control over what appears in the film frame: dicor, direction of the actors, lighting, camera movement, choice of lenses and so on. In order to visualise the verbal text, importance is often placed into mise-en-scene. In Emma, the period in which the drama was set was evidently emphasised through the costumes in which the characters wore. The costumes in Emma depicted each person's social status and personality, traits that were of importance in the verbal text and therefore needed to be narrated in the visual text. Another important aspect in the novel was the abode of certain characters, something else that was significant in the literary discourse. Hartfield and Randalls, the homes of the affluent in the movie were very much larger-than-life, the viewer can almost feel the grandness through the screen and in contrast, the homes of Miss Bates and the peasants Emma and Harriet visited were very humble indeed, the carefully selected interior and costumes of characters tell more than the dialogue. At the start of the film, there is an animated spinning globe on the screen that has images of the main characters from the film on them. It shows Emma and Mr Knightley placed at the top of the globe, in the middle is Mr Elton and at the bottom of the globe is Miss Bates and Miss Taylor. This style of presentation in the movie is in itself a form of narrative whereby the director has decided to, in advance, set the social statuses of the characters before the film even begins. This is because in the film, there is only a voiceover narrative from Emma herself, the third-person narration from the literary discourse that has descriptive information is removed therefore it is necessary to include elements that can help the viewer to construct the story as Emma can not know everything that is happening, she is not omniscient. Writing Emma was basically a tool for Austen to make a mockery of the social snobbery present in the early 19th century and she does this by allowing Emma, an upper-class daughter of a rich man, to let her imagination and daydreams to overcome reason, then finally admit defeat to reality. The music in the background often sounds jovial yet there is an undertone of mockery, as though her character should not be taken seriously. She is introduced in the novel as; ‘Emma Woodhouse, handsome, clever, and rich, with a comfortable home and happy disposition, seemed to unite some of the best blessings of existence; and had lived nearly twenty-one years in the world with very little to distress or vex her. ‘ (Austen, 1816: 7). In the film version, Emma herself could not have narrated this information as it would be inappropriate so therefore costume and behaviour (mise-en-scene) would have to articulate her character instead. In The English Patient, there were certain codes put into the choice of costumes, for instance, the character Katherine always dressed in the colour white, symbolic of purity, yet her character is having an adulterous affair with her husband's friend, perhaps it stressed the irony of her predicament. In the desert scenes, the expanse of barren land swamping the characters shows the loneliness that many of the characters are feeling, including Hana, Caravaggio and Kip. The use of non-vernacular music also creates the distance they are all at from their homeland. The next important aspect of filmmaking is the use of Montage. From the French for ‘assemble', the term refers to the process of cutting, assembling, arranging or editing of shots. In other words, it is ‘a method of putting shots together in such a way that dissimilar materials are juxtaposed to make a statement'. (Pennsylvania State University Website, 2002). The approach to editing was developed by Soviet filmmakers of the 1920s, notably Eisenstein. Continuity editing, or narrative montage is the assembly of shots that results in a smooth flow of narrative in an order making obvious sense in terms of time and place. This style is associated with American films of the studio era and may be referred to as classical cutting or decoupage classique. Emma displays techniques of this principle. Filmmakers of the sixties and seventies often made use of the Collision Principle for jarring transitions from cut to cut and to stress discontinuities in time and space. (Andrew J. Dudley, 1976: 42-71). This use of editing is effective for reflections of time memory, and emotional states, as seen in The English Patient and The Camomile Lawn. The English Patient relies heavily on the reflection of emotional states as Almasy is using his memory to tell us a story and therefore, the transition into his past is often smoothed along with the use of sound effects or montage to help jog his memory such as the thumping of feet on the ground immerged with the beating of drums to dissolve into an external analepsis. The concept of film narrator or narration has been theorised and analysed by many thinkers of the twentieth century. Linguistic ideologies have also been applied to the study of film and I will hereby observe those attempted by Jakob Lothe, Christian Metz and David Bordwell. Jakob Lothe argues in Narrative in Fiction and Film, An Introduction (2000) that the film narrator is ‘the superordinate ‘instance' that presents all the means of communication that film has at its disposal', that they are equated to the third-person narrator in a literary novel and act as the film maker's communicative instrument guiding the viewer's perception of the film. He illustrates his view with a diagram (1990:134-5) by Seymour Chatman (fig. 1) which shows ‘the multiplexity of the cinematic narrator', who is the sum of all these and other variables. The diagram demonstrates it is the viewer who constructs the narrative synthesis. This would link well with the views of film scholar David Bordwell who believes that film has no narrator, that the film narration is the ‘organisation of a set of cues for the construction of a story'. He sees narration as completely central in film but places importance on the viewers response, the perceived not the sender. This set of cues includes an indeterminate number of visual and auditory impressions that the viewer has to construct a story with (Lothe, 2000; 28). Christian Metz realised that film is not a ‘language' but another kind of semiotic system with ‘articulations' of its own. Cinema in relation to verbal language is not direct and is at best partial and complex. He advocated that ‘the analogy is strained at the level of appearance, for filmic signification doesn't at all look like verbal language'. Film image has a natural level of expressivity whereby the world speaks through the images in a normal or somewhat deflect way and it is up to the filmmaker to strengthen and work on these primary expressions if he wants to signify his own meaning. Andrew J. Dudley, 1976: 213-241) In The English Patient, screenwriter and director Anthony Minghella uses the power of sound to aid narration as well as Hollywood's typical narrative in relying heavily on the use of mise-en-scene. The exotic locales presented in the film really set the scene and romantic mood with which the film exudes, in a way, the viewer is almost overwhelmed by the scenery. The cinematography really speaks for itself and eliminates a lot of the narrative that was present in the novel in their attempt to set the place for the reader of the text. In The Camomile Lawn, the change in focalizers is rather subtle. In the literary text, we sense the shifts more consciously whereas with a visual narrative, the viewer is used to following different strands of plot at one go including those of several characters. As well as changes in focalizers, The Camomile Lawn also experiments with shifts in narrative time. It is debatable whether the story is set in present time with flashbacks external analepsis) or set during the war period and ‘flashing forwards'. It is suggested that the whole story was narrated from the viewpoint of Sophie even though she is not the most frequent focalizer throughout the novel but many things that happen often fall into Sophie's perspective and the consequences of other people's actions and how they affect her. In the visual narrative of The Camomile Lawn the film maker attempts to keep as much of Sophie's perspective as much as he can so as to keep in accordance to the intended author's wishes. As with all types of narration, we must consider if they are reliable or unreliable. All narrator's have an artificial authority and we as the reader or viewer ‘must accept [their information] without question if we are to grasp the story that is to follow' (Booth cited in Lothe, 2000: 25). The fundamental rule in any narrative fiction is often to believe the narrator unless the text at some point gives us a signal not to. When this is the case, the narrator becomes unreliable. In The English Patient, a reliable narrator tells the literary text and the film text is shot by an objective camera. This stays in coherence with the original and works well. In Emma, the novel is narrated in third-person but is unreliable as it is told through the perspective of the female protagonist and therefore bias. In the visual narrative, it employs a voiceover by Emma herself and therefore definitely is subjective. In The Camomile Lawn, the verbal discourse is told through a multitude of narrative levels, as well as changes in focalizers, and narrative time/space, the narrative perspective changes from first to third person continuously which is true also for the screen adaptation. In conclusion to my findings, it is true to say that the perceived authors of both verbal and visual texts cannot be compared so because it all depends on the intention of the produced effect. If a filmmaker takes a verbal narrative, he or she may or may not want to transpose all elements of the original narrative but on the other hand has something to aspire to, should they wish to take that path. With the texts I have chosen, that there are a variant of reasons as to why they have been chosen to be visual. The Camomile Lawn, was adapted for a television series therefore it had plenty of time to allow much of the original narrative to be kept in and stayed as close to the original in terms mise-en-scene too. The English Patient was transposed into a Hollywood blockbuster and therefore had no room for multiple storylines to override one another so the subplots were dropped significantly from the literary discourse and emphasis placed on one love story. Emma, on the other hand was more of a period drama with a moral story and was closely contrasted to the original in many aspects all except for the narrative perspective.

How Guide Books Help Construct The Tourist Gaze Tourism Essay Example

How Guide Books Help Construct The Tourist Gaze Tourism Essay Example How Guide Books Help Construct The Tourist Gaze Tourism Essay How Guide Books Help Construct The Tourist Gaze Tourism Essay How guide books help to build the tourer regard and restrain the manner tourers see the metropolis. If you truly desire your life to go through like a film in forepart of you, merely travel, you can bury your life. Andy Warhol ( 1975 ) . Tourism is an of import facet in 21st century life as it represents a type of escape an single can see to add spontaneousness in one s everyday modus operandi. With mass globalisation presenting as an ever-growing epidemic, most tourist musca volitanss are extremely advertised in the media making what has been known as the tourer regard . The tourer regard is summarized really neatly by John Urry ( 1990 ) , as the procedure when topographic points are chosen to be gazed upon because there is an expectancy, particularly through reverie and phantasy, of intense pleasances, either on a different graduated table or affecting different senses from those customarily encountered. Such expectancy is constructed and sustained through a assortment of non-tourist patterns, such as movie, Television, literature, magazines, records and pictures, which concept and reinforce that regard This paper will try to research the different factors of how guidebooks in peculiar aid to build the tourer regard and besides how it may restrict the experience one would hold of the metropolis. Urry ( 1990 ) introduces a broad assortment of subjects of which will be closely examined in the procedure of this essay. To be specific to the inquiry the analysis will be closely related to how guide books and hence, literature every bit good as m agazines , evoke the different senses that help in transfusing the tourer regard peculiarly in modern-day London. The tourer experience is really closely mediated by sight, and by the patterns of representation that are portion and package of travel ( Crang, 1997 ) . The metropolis of London represents a part full of history, civilization, reliable architecture and modern wonders all of which can easy be attractively captured as a still image and has been greatly advertised in travel ushers. london_mix001.jpg Figure 1: Introductory word picture of multiple facets in London. The Informative Traveler s Guide To London introduced the metropolis of London by agencies of an image, Figure 1. Spots to see are chosen because of their value as photographic landmarks. A walk through a metropolis or instead touristry in general becomes in consequence a hunt for the photogenic. ( Kubalek, 2008 ) Photography is a powerful agencies of arousing one s senses. Figure 1 depicts history, civilization, and architecture every bit good as conveys a sense of nationalism all in one efficaciously edited shooting. The tourer regard is created as the spectator, most likely foreign to the British civilization, is thrust into such an alien universe mentally without even holding cross the lodger. Tourism is frequently about the body-as-seen, exposing, executing and scoring visitants with accomplishment, appeal, strength, gender and so on. ( Urry, 2001 ) Clearly apparent in Figure 1 is a word picture of a British guard in the iconic uniform, which forces the on-looker to visualize the ceremonial of the changing of the guards. The Changing the Guard at Buckingham Palace is a comprehensive usher book that entails history of the ceremonial every bit good as dissects the facts from the different ranks of the soldiers to the elaboratenesss of his uniform. This illustration affect what MacCannell ( 1992, 1999 ) calls a reconstructed ethnicity every bit good as a staged genuineness clearly because this ceremonial is a major tourer attractive force for visitants likewise. Not merely will they see an act of British patriotism but besides catch a glance of a national landmark, Buckingham Palace. National histories tell a narrative, of a people go throughing through history, a nar rative frequently get downing in the mists of clip ( Bhabha, 1990 ) Included in the aforesaid usher book is a list of topographic points of attractive force within a close locality to Buckingham Palace, Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Piccadilly Circus, St James Palace, 10 Downing Street, The Thames, Trafalgar Square and even Hard Rock Cafe, to call merely a few of the great London sights that are a rocks throw from Buckingham Palace! ( Changing of the Guard, 1990 ) This is an illustration in how the tourer regard can present as a restraint to the visitant s experience of the metropolis. Part of the motivation for going is to see the exposure on site, in the existent ( Dyer, 1995 ) . The book subconsciously guides the tourer and hence his/her autonomy to research the land is controlled. union-jack-333.jpg Figure 2: The 2012 Olympic Games logo International events, premised upon mass touristry and cosmopolitanism, means that national individuality is progressively conceived of in footings of a location within, and on, a planetary phase. ( Urry, 2001 ) . Visit Britain 2012 is synonymous with images such as that depicted in figure 2 and extremely advertised with articles associating to the extremely awaited 2012 Olympic games. The visit London 2012 home page opens with a description of the Olympic Park, The London 2012 Games are the accelerator for transforming 2.5sq kilometer of land in east London. What was one time industrial, contaminated land has been quickly transformed over the past three years. . Rochee ( 2000 ) describes these countries as holding the power to transform themselves from being everyday placesaˆÂ ¦ into being there particular host metropolis sites that come to busy a distinguishable niche within planetary touristry. The Reconstruction of what was one time an industrial country into what i s portrayed as a topographic point of involvement is another manner tourer organisations create the tourer regard, by emphasizing this in tourer manuals they represent the tool that conveys the message. Liberated from the real-world loads of shops and merchandise fabrication, trade names are free to surge, less as the airing of goods and services than as corporate hallucinations ( Klein, 2000: 22 ) Merchandise advertisement is apparent in many travel magazines ; one trade name in peculiar that is greatly linked to touristry is the Rimmel franchise. Get the London expression! Rimmel claims to be reliable, experimental, merriment, accessible to all and uniquely British , offering value for money, with a elan of London glamor . ( Rimmel London ) By engaging American endowment such as histrion, Zooey Deschanel every bit good as instrumentalist, Solange Knowles, they represent trade name embassadors who in bend aid in the creative activity of the tourer regard particularly since the advertisement has them set in really stereotyped London scenarios, making once more an idealised and stereotyped representations of the topographic point we are sing ( Martwick, 2001 ) Young blue bloods took Grand Tours in the seventeenth century chiefly for educational grounds, but merely since the 1840s did go start to be of greater involvement for a wider portion of European society. ( Kubalek, 2008 ) History plays an of import portion of touristry in general as Roche ( 2000 ) explains with the illustration of the 1851 Great Exhibition at London s Crystal Palace, the first-ever national tourer event. Although the British population was merely 18m, 6m visits were made to the Exhibition, many utilizing the new railroads to see the national capital for the first clip. Timeout London. The best of London ( 2010 ) , has a comprehensive show of the different museums and attractive forces of which claim to keep great historical and cultural significance to the state. Particularly of import in the family tree of patriotism have besides been the initiation of national museums and the development of national creative persons, designers, instrumentalists, dramatists, novelists, historiographers and archeologists ( McCrone, 1998 ; Kirshenblatt-Giblett, 1998 ) Besides extremely publicized in the usher book mentioned earlier is the of all time so popular, London Eye observation wheel. The static signifiers of the tourer regard, such as that from the balcony vantage point , focuses on the planar form, colorss and inside informations of the position that is laid out before one and can be moved around with one s eyes ( Pratt, 1992: 222 ) On the wheel the spectator is able to detect London s other landmarks, for case the Houses of Parliament, St Paul s Cathedral even The Gherkin . In a sense it gives the spectator the feeling of holding some sort of an overview of the metropolis he/she has traveled to ( Kubalek, 2008 ) . Although this feeling may be rather rewarding Osborne ( 2000 ) explains that the tourer neer rather arrives, neer wholly connects. The significance of other sights interrupts each sight. Every sight signifies all other sights, most still missing our visit. Kubalek ( 2008 ) gives an illustration to the old quotation mar k by presenting the Southbank, which is the phase for street performing artists. Bing right following to the wheel does the inactive image of watching the position from the wheel contrast to the more synergistic experience of walking down the iconic Southbank? Similarly the position through the auto windshield ( like the position from one of the revolving glass cods ) has besides had important effects for the nature of the ocular glance , enabling the materiality of the metropolis or the landscape to be clearly appreciated ( Larsen, 2001 ) The touristic experience reflects, magnifies and distils mundane life, it infuses the mundane, and frailty versa, in relation to the development and maintaining of an person s societal individualities. ( McCabe, S. , 2002 ) Consumer psychological science, geographics and concern direction surveies are indispensable in the planning of touristry. It is an knowing drama by tourer organisations, to do the individual believe that their vacation is made by pick, when vacation bundles have been planned with great elaborateness to profit the state s economic system. Urry ( 1990 ) has found that leisure travel is motivated by a desire to get away ordinary, normal life. The meaningful experiences through travel ( MacCannell, 1976 ) is garnered by a carefully planned secret plan that guides the tourer in inquiry on a journey that may look to be of great spontaneousness, but is in existent fact carefully planned by greater powers and hence there is clear restraint to the true experience that the tourer brushs. In decision, there are many ways tourist guide books create the tourer regard, be it in ways that may non be apparently evident. It is an elaborately planned matter of which tourer companies greatly weigh the economic facets with the environmental every bit good as the political as so to bring forth an experience that will make a symbiotic relationship between the visitant, the locals every bit good as the environment. In order to accomplish this, as I have explained in the procedure if this paper, there are evident restraints that is embedded psychologically in the heads of the tourer by the manner the usher book is presented. They are cumulatively lead to topographic points of involvement of which due to careful planning will come to profit the country economically, socially and sustainably. Tourism is a game, or instead a whole series of games with multiple texts and no individual, reliable experience ( Urry, 1990 ) Entire words: 1720 words

Fallacy Summary and Application Paper

Fallacy Summary and Application Paper IntroductionThis paper is going to show you three fallacies. A fallacy is a falsenotion or a statement or an argument based on a false or invalid inference.If an argument contains a fallacy, then the conclusion will not necessarily be proven. Some fallacies are just accidental, but they can also be used to trap a listener or reader into believing faulty conclusions (A. Stephen Richardson, unknown, para. 2). This paper will describe three logical fallacies and give an example of each.Red HerringThis type of fallacy is used when you want to switch the subject from the original question and then state that the original question is irrelevant because of the new subject. The history behind the name of this fallacy is interesting. The name originates from a technique used to train English Foxhouds. (McGraw-Hill Co. 2002) I think a fantastic example of this fallacy is:"Honey, does my butt look fat in these jeans?" says a man's wife.English: Created by Benedict Spearritt using the a..."Wow d ear, your hair is really beautiful! And those earrings are a knockout!" replies the man.Many men can relate to this very fallacy, I know I can. In this example a subject is asked or under discussion, then to avoid the ever-powerful trap of the woman the man changes the subject to avoid the question. (Trap) In doing so the man has introduced another subject to lour the woman away from her original question. Then the first subject is dropped avoiding a horrific argument.How critical thinking is applied in this example is: What does the wife want to hear? What is the politically correct answer? If the husband states the truth it could mean a night full of arguing. If the husband tells a lie to save himself, then he also saves himself from the argument...

How to Say Good Morning in French Correctly

How to Say Good Morning in French Correctly SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Who hasn’t dreamed of having breakfast in an adorable French cafe, dipping a croissant into a delicious coffee, and chatting with a new friend over pastries? Only- quelle horreur!- when you go to greet your friend, you suddenly can’t remember how to say â€Å"good morning† in French. In this article, we’ll cover not only how to say â€Å"good morning† in French, but how to address the greeting to different people, and even how to say goodbye. It's that easy! How Do You Say Good Morning in French? If you know anything in French or you’ve ever watched Beauty and the Beast, you probably know how to say hello: â€Å"Bonjour!† Well, good news- †Bonjour† is also the standard French way to say â€Å"good morning† In French, bonjour is pronounced bon-zhoor. The French ‘j’ sound, as it’s heard in bonjour, is a bit like sh in English crossed with the dg sound in â€Å"judge.† It’s not the expected â€Å"j† sound we have in English, so be sure you really listen to how it’s said before you accidentally greet somebody by saying, â€Å"Bone Jurr.† Literally translated, â€Å"bonjour† means â€Å"good day.† â€Å"Bon† is the French word for â€Å"good,† and â€Å"jour† is the French word for day. Generally, French people use bonjour as a greeting up until about six PM, at which point they switch to another greeting, covered below. However, though we might say â€Å"good day† to greet or say goodbye to people, it’s purely a greeting in French. We’ll cover the goodbye version below! There is another method of saying good morning in french: â€Å"bon matin,† pronounced bon mah-teen. However, though this is a literal translation of â€Å"good morning,† it is not typically used in France. It’s an Anglicization, or Anglicisme, that works as a literal translation but that isn’t commonly heard. However, bon matin may be heard more frequently in Quà ©bà ©cois French, the variety of French spoken in Canada. Generally speaking, bonjour is the standard method of saying â€Å"good morning.† But depending on where in the world you are, you may also be able to say bon matin! Interestingly, you generally want to say bonjour to someone once per day. The next time you see them, you should use a more informal greeting! Ahh, bonjour, mon ami. Personalizing â€Å"Bonjour† But maybe you have a specific person you want to say â€Å"good morning† to, or you want to get a little fancier. Bonjour is a simple greeting that can be adapted to a lot of different situations! If you want to be polite and you’re speaking to someone whose name you don’t know, you can greet them with â€Å"bonjour† and a title. French is a language with gendered nouns, so there are different forms of address for people depending on their gender: Madame is used to refer to married women, just as â€Å"Mrs.† would be used in English. It’s pronounced mah-dahm. Mademoiselle is used to refer to unmarried women, just like â€Å"Ms.† in English. It’s pronounced mah-dehm-wah-zell. Monsieur is used for men, just like â€Å"Mr.† in English, and is pronounced something like meuh-syeuh, with both syllables rhyming with â€Å"the.† These vowel sounds can be quite tricky for non-native French speakers to master, so spend some time listening to native French speakers saying it and imitate them. All of those words can be added to the word bonjour for a proper â€Å"good morning† greeting in French- †Bonjour Madame/Mademoiselle/Monsieur.† If you’re greeting a small group of people, you can greet them all by name: â€Å"Bonjour Isabelle! Bonjour Delphine! Bonjour Étienne!† But if you want to greet an audience, you probably can’t greet them all by name. In that case, you’d add the phrase tous to bonjour, changing it from an individual â€Å"hello† to â€Å"hello everyone!† Literally translated, tous means â€Å"to all.† It’s pronounced ah toos. But you can get even fancier, if you so desire. Because bonjour is such a flexible greeting, you can add all kinds of additions to it to make it more specific, such as: Phrase Meaning Pronunciation Mon amour My love Mohn ah-moor Ma chà ©rie My sweetheart/darling (to a woman) Mah shey-ree Mon chà ©r My sweetheart/darling (to a man) Mohn sher Ma belle My beautiful (to a woman) Mah bell Mon beau My handsome (to a man) Mohn boh Bonsoir, Paris How to Say Goodbye and Good Night in French Parting is such sweet sorrow- in French, you need a goodbye to match. â€Å"Au revoir,† pronounced oh rev-wahr, is the typical French goodbye. Literally translated, it means something close to, â€Å"Until I see you again.† You can say this any time of day in any kind of situation, formal or informal. Saying goodbye in the evening gets a little trickier. The literal French version of good evening, â€Å"bonsoir† is used as a greeting after about six PM. You don’t generally use bonsoir as somebody is leaving unless the situation is formal- instead, you’re more likely to say â€Å"bonne soirà ©e,† bohn swah-ray, which is the same phrase with feminine endings, when you’re wishing somebody a good evening as they or you are leaving. You also wouldn’t say â€Å"bonne nuit,† literally translating as â€Å"good night† and pronounced bohn nweet, unless the person is literally going to bed. In general, â€Å"au revoir† is a good all-purpose goodbye unless you’re looking for something more specific. In that case, one of these other goodbyes may suffice- just be certain you match the correct one to the situation, especially because regional differences may make one or the other more acceptable. Watch and listen to what other people do and follow their lead! What’s Next? Want to become a polyglot who excels in morning greetings? Check out this article on how to say good morning in Japanese! Considering making French your major in college? Read up on all the reasons a foreign language major is a great idea (and the reasons it may not be)! If you're still early in your language-learning career, check out this discussion of which foreign language you should take in high school! Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Melissa Brinks About the Author Melissa Brinks graduated from the University of Washington in 2014 with a Bachelor's in English with a creative writing emphasis. She has spent several years tutoring K-12 students in many subjects, including in SAT prep, to help them prepare for their college education. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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ASTR123 G Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ASTR123 G - Assignment Example He was the first person known to calculate the circumference of the earth. He did this by use of stades, using a particular measuring system, which was remarkably accurate. The accuracy of the measurements was based on the assumptions that the earth is a sphere, Alexandria and Syene (places involved in the model) lied on the same meridian with a distance of 5000 stades apart. These assumptions give a significant deviation of 0.16ï ¼â€¦from the accurate measurements ( Kerrod, pg. 76). The Ptolemaic model explains the earth as the center of the universe. This model is inaccurate as other astronauts site the sun as the center of the universe. However, this model has been accepted over years, leaving No debate in the field of science. This is because ‘we’ human beings tend to think and believe that we are the center of the universe with all the other heavenly bodies revolving around us, as observed while one is on the earth. It’s not until technology and use of telescopes among other astronauts’ devices, that this model was confirmed wrong. People understood the process of motion and established the up to date model that the sun is the center of the universe. Similar to lunar phases, the phases of planet Venus, as explained by Galileo Galilei are the different variations of lighting as seen on earth’s surface. The phases of the planet Venus result from the earth’s orbit around the sun, giving an observer a sequence of progressive lighting. It provides a full image when it is o the opposite side of the sun and shows a quarter phase when it is at its maximum elongation from the sun. When Venus comes around to the near side between the Earth and the sun, it shows a crescent phase but a differently new phase when it is between the Earth and the sun ( Kerrod, pg. 110). Nicholas of Cusa (1401 - 1464) was considered by many to be a man ahead in the scientific field. In his scientific writings, he suggested that the earth was nearly

Major Greek philosophers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Major Greek philosophers - Essay Example length response to appropriately expound upon; however, for purposes of this brief question and answer essay, the enumerated philosophers will be limited to the three most influential classical Greek philosophers Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates. Plato’s â€Å"Republic† deals specifically with the definition and discussions relating to the idea of justice. Although such a topic may seem rather narrow, Plato seeks to discuss each and every aspect of morality and justice as it applies to the individual as well as within the apparatus of the city/state in question. Similarly, Plato’s work â€Å"Apology† is Plato’s own version of the speech that was given by his idol and mentor Socrates with relation to the charges brought before him with regards to â€Å"corrupting the youth†. In this way, the work itself can be seen as an autobiographical analysis and retelling of the way that Socrates sought to defend himself through the rhetoric of his words and the speech he gave before the rulers of the city. Ultimately, the charges that Socrates faced dealt with casting doubt into the minds of the young with regards to the gods that the individuals within the culture so fervently believed in. Building upon Plato’s earlier work with regards to the â€Å"Republic†, Aristotle, his student, wrote a work entitled â€Å"Politics† which called into question the way in which political philosophy and ethics were two inseparable terms that must be understood jointly in order to draw inference onto the way in which Greek society ultimately worked. As the title implies, the root Greek word of â€Å"Polis† is used as a means of giving the title of the work the underlying meaning of â€Å"things ultimately related to the city†. The similarities are of course the importance that key attributes of goodness and virtue play in whether or not a given system will itself be functional and ethical. However, going beyond merely answering this question, Aristotle’s work sought to detail the

Marketing Opportunity of Kralogie Germany Essay

Marketing Opportunity of Kralogie Germany - Essay Example Aside from expanding its coiffeur's network, the company should consider entering into a contract with its tie-up coiffeurs not to sell other hair care products like Wella and Sebastian. Â  It is also possible for the company to keep its distance closer to the consumers by allowing the product to be sold in hair salons, hyper- and supermarkets, health and beauty outlets, and throughout the different malls in Germany. Â  Also, the price of the product is considered to be very expensive on the part of the consumers. Considering that Wella and Sebastian are very active in selling hair care products, KÃ ¨rastase should make the price of its products competitive. Â  KÃ ¨ralogie’s product advantage over the other hair care brands is the fact that KÃ ¨ralogie products are known for its ability to tackle hair related problems such as dandruff. This gives the product a medicinal image. Â  Since the majority of its existing customers are females between the age brackets of 35 to 65 and are earning their own personal income, the company should start using fresh and famous personalities in advertising KÃ ¨ralogie products. Based on several reports, using famous personalities in advertising hair care and other related products could effectively increase the company’s annual sales. Since the quality of KÃ ¨ralogie products has been proven effective in treating hair related problems, the company could use sophisticated and good looking individuals with long hair to advertise the medicinal effects of KÃ ¨ralogie. Â  Q3 The recommended selling price for KÃ ¨ralogie products is basically the purchase price for the product plus a 100% markup. Considering the current competition in the hair care market, do you think it is still possible to apply the same pricing method today? Explain the reasons for your answer. Â  

Quantitative analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Quantitative analysis - Research Paper Example History confound defines events that occur during the data collection process to influence the dependent variable without effects from independent variable. The events may increase effects of the independent variable or reduce them and therefore compromises validity of data. Maturation confound however defines transitions in research participants’ cognitive or physical properties towards different rationale by the same person. A longitudinal study may involve change in age that associates with improved rationale and physical characteristics that may change an individual’s perception. Other factors such as education, stress, and physical strain may also influence a person’s rationale into different perspectives during a study. Test confound is another challenge to quantitative research and defines differences in results because of a research participant’s previous experience with the test instrument and the experience influences results from values that wou ld be observed on first encounter with the same test. Interactive effect is another threat to quantitative research and defines association between two or more confounds in a study. Interaction between treatment and history is an example results in different values from actual effects of a study’s independent variables (LoBiondo & Haber, 2013). Challenges of quantitative research are evident and offer a basis for differentiating between quantitative and qualitative research. Their understanding are therefore important, not only for development and implementation of qualitative research initiatives, but also for understanding differences between the two research methods in order to ensure development of a suitable research methodology for a study (Allwood, 2012). History confound is a significant threat to quantitative research because of its potential to alter results in a study. History can occur in a study’s internal or external environment and this defines the exten t to which it may be significant to a study. In a study to investigate effects of lecturers’ appearance on effectiveness of learning process, an independent forum on learning skills that averts students’ attention from a lecturer’s appearance is an external historic factor to the study. A seminar to lecturer’s on how to improve their lecturers is however, an external historical factor and both offer significant potential to shifting the relationship between lecture’s appearance and effectiveness of lecturers. The extent of such an impact on results further depends on effectiveness of the history factor. The challenge is based on factors beyond rationale of research participants and therefore defines independence from bias, unless the history event is selective to influence a proportion of research participants and their associated data. In the absence of bias, history has uniform impacts on phenomenon of study and therefore ensures reliability of c ollected data because of a possible uniform shift in relationships. Consistency in measures will therefore be attained in a historically confounded study but validity will be compromised because of lost accuracy on the effects of independent variables on the subject dependent variable. Possible existence of reliability but not validity in a data

Community Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Community Design - Essay Example One of the important elements which has contributed to Pro Bono Design Collaboratives success is the specialized scope of services offered. Collaborative volunteers dedicate their time and effort to the inception of the project. Traditionally, not for profit organizations have found it a challenge to encounter the appropriate professional expertise. This challenge has been in regards to pre development planning. The dilemma is that there is no capital funding without the pre development of the projects. There are scarce resources to delegate to pre development personnel until the pre development phase of the project is completed. This is where the pro social volunteers of the neighborhood come to the assistance of the Pro Bono Design Collaborative. The progressive neighborhood influence requires that there should be some personnel with expertise in practical problem solving. This neighborhood requirement inspired the formation of Public Architecture. Consequently, the 1% solution pro gram was created. The designation of 1% was given to the program. The Pro Bono Collaborative provides the necessary pre development services, thereby encouraging the construction phase of the proposed projects. The scope of these pre development services may also be speculative neighborhood endeavors and other professional services which include research. The motivations of these endeavors are to benefit the greater good. The causal attribution of the laissez- faire perception is that there has been scarce professional encouragement in the field of architecture. The architectural professionals in the community have not perceived the pro social volunteer work as an essential to a successful business model (rastorfer-darl-the community design collaborative.pdf). Public architecture is a not for profit organization which encourages the community professionals in the architectural field to participate in the enhancement of the public good. The Pro Bono

Current Situation in Diversity Management in the Workplace Essay

Current Situation in Diversity Management in the Workplace - Essay Example Thus, diversity in management is essential in the current state of economic affairs. Diversity in workplace helps the organizations to attract businesses, corporations and government talents from almost all the directions. It also helps the companies to tap emerging new markets and enjoy the fruits of efficient government policies (Cook, 24). Managing diversity in the firms involves observing legal and policy requirements in a very simple manner. In the current epoch diversity in workplaces helps companies to promote community and comfort with differences (Williams 17). Finally diversity in the workplaces helps firms to achieve successful growth in the long run. Workplace diversity provides immense benefits to an organization. The business firms can expand their thoughts outside-the-box and enjoy efficient teamwork with diversity in managements. A cordial atmosphere of mutual understanding and respect is enjoyed by the workers in an organization that diversifies its workplace.  "A company’s performance is always linked to its ability to recruit the right people. People want to work for companies that demonstrate that diversity matters. There needs to be a sustained culture assault down the supply chain that business must encourage.† (Shakhray 6). ... In order to compete in the growing economy, it is important for the business organizations to select the brightest talent in their agencies. This is easily executed in the current era with diversification of management of the workplaces. More innovative and creative solutions are formulized nowadays by the business firms by diversifying in terms of experiences and skills. Significant improvement in both workplace productivity and work performance can be enjoyed by the firms in the current economy with the help of diversification of bureau. Briefly, diversity of work is the actual key that is responsible to foster the economic growth of the current period. Case Study: Workforce Diversity in U.S. U.S. is a highly developed country in the world both in terms of social and economical development. The rate of urbanization in the country is above 80%. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as well as GDP per Capita is improving significantly in U.S. with time. About 79.7% of the total population in U.S. is engaged in the service sector. The service sector of the country is highly diverse in terms of skill, race, gender etc. Approximately 155,163,000 was the labor force of U.S. in July 2012. This strength included the workers who were actively employed as well as those who were seeking employments. Figure 1: Workforce diversity in US (Source: American Progress, â€Å"The State of Diversity in Today’s Workforce†) The graph above enumerates the current workforce diversity in the U.S. market in 2011 in the employment sector. It is visualized from the above graph that 16.49% of the total workforce works in the state owned public sectors in U.S. 10.58% and 3.8% are the proportions of the people working in

Community Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Community Design - Essay Example One of the important elements which has contributed to Pro Bono Design Collaboratives success is the specialized scope of services offered. Collaborative volunteers dedicate their time and effort to the inception of the project. Traditionally, not for profit organizations have found it a challenge to encounter the appropriate professional expertise. This challenge has been in regards to pre development planning. The dilemma is that there is no capital funding without the pre development of the projects. There are scarce resources to delegate to pre development personnel until the pre development phase of the project is completed. This is where the pro social volunteers of the neighborhood come to the assistance of the Pro Bono Design Collaborative. The progressive neighborhood influence requires that there should be some personnel with expertise in practical problem solving. This neighborhood requirement inspired the formation of Public Architecture. Consequently, the 1% solution pro gram was created. The designation of 1% was given to the program. The Pro Bono Collaborative provides the necessary pre development services, thereby encouraging the construction phase of the proposed projects. The scope of these pre development services may also be speculative neighborhood endeavors and other professional services which include research. The motivations of these endeavors are to benefit the greater good. The causal attribution of the laissez- faire perception is that there has been scarce professional encouragement in the field of architecture. The architectural professionals in the community have not perceived the pro social volunteer work as an essential to a successful business model (rastorfer-darl-the community design collaborative.pdf). Public architecture is a not for profit organization which encourages the community professionals in the architectural field to participate in the enhancement of the public good. The Pro Bono

Evaluate the Range of Alternative International Assignment Forms Essay Example for Free

Evaluate the Range of Alternative International Assignment Forms Essay An international assignment of 3-5 years is usually considered as Long Term Assignment. One of the reasons that it is becoming extremely more expensive for MNE’s is due to the nature of the job scope and the International Assignee’s (IA) personal considerations. Interestingly, according to the 2009 Global Relocation Trends Survey [ (Brookfield Global Relocation Services, 2009) ] report, when multinational companies are relocating their employees for assignments overseas these days regardless of short or long term, they tend to dispatch older and more experienced employees due to the low risk of assignment failure. This is one of the reasons why it has become increasingly and extremely more expensive for MNE’s [ (Harzing, 1995) ]. Following the expatriate demographic provided by the survey, family concerns sit on top of the chart which remain the most overwhelming reason of 92% for assignment refusal and also the top reason for early returns from assignments which recorded at high of 27%. Historically, the top five challenges over the years of the survey have been family adjustment, partner resistance, difficult location, children’s education, and partner’s career [ (Borstorff, 1997) ]; [ (Brett, 1995) ]. These are also the reasons why it is difficult to find the right candidates with the right experience to fill the vacancy for long term assignment [ (Shaffer, 2001) ]. Antidotes for the Poisons Exploiting Other Alternatives Due to the above dilemma faced by most of the MNE’s, they are now looking at other alternatives which can provide them with the best ‘antidotes’ to the ‘poisons’ that are stinging them. The ranges of alternatives of international assignments that the multinational companies can consider apart from the long term assignment include short term, self-initiated, commuter, and virtual assignments. Short term assignments This type of assignments can last from a few weeks to months. According to the PricewaterhouseCooper’s survey 2001, there is a sharp increase of almost 60% in the popularity of companies implementing this approach in their respective organizations. This is due to the nature of these assignments which give the companies an ‘instant’ solution in resolving skills shortages and are in general easier to manage [ (Solomon, 1999) ]. Apart from that, in comparison with the long term assignments, short term assignments imposed lower cost to the companies due to the assignment length and duration. In addition, companies do not need to spend on relocation on their entire employees’ family and it is also a good means to circumvent family-related problems which can be seen in most of the traditional assignments such as family upheavel. Self-initiated assignments Over the years, there is this trend that is growing in numbers where the assignees make their arrangements to find work abroad and are employed on local work contracts. According to [ (Suutari, 2000) ], they have identified a series of distinct characteristics of the self-initiated assignees as compared to traditional expatriation. These characteristics, which may not be that ‘bull’s eye’ accurate, however does speaks most common assignees may have and practice. These include young and single, be more motivated in moving abroad due to interest in internationalism and poor employment situations at home, working for companies at lower hierarchical levels, and receive no repatriation promises and view their relocation as a more permanent move. The benefit of recruiting the self-initiated assignees is that it can offer companies the potential of not having to undertake preparation. In fact, the assignees recruited could have been resident in a particular location for years where they are well blend with the socio-cultural of the place. One of the drawbacks is that the assignees are not familiar with the organizational culture which until a certain extent where such familiarity is important will be driven by the nature of the assignment. Commuter assignments This type of assignment involves employees commuting from their home to an office in another country by means of travelling by land, sea or air. One of the examples would be employees travelling by airplane on a weekly or bi-weekly basis [ (Assignment types explained, 2012) ]. In contrast with short term assignments, the commuter assignments allow company to fill in the skills shortage without disrupting the employee’s spouse’s career or the children’s education or family affair. This gives the assignees the opportunity to work abroad without leaving their home when carrying out their assignments. However, the drawbacks of the assignment are the quality life of the assignees may be affected. This is due to the likelihood of the assignees returning late from work due to the unspeakable distance of commuting and not to mention the fatigue due to the travelling journey. This affects the communication and the quality time between the assignees and their family which further prolong may affect their emotional and indirectly affects their productivity in the company. Virtual assignments The assignees manage the variety of international activities across several countries which do not require the assignees to be physically relocated to a foreign organizational unit. Although relocation is not necessary but extensive travel is inevitable. The advantages of a virtual assignment seem to be overwhelming over the traditional expatriate assignment. Firstly, the assignees are less expensive due to their wages are paid on local basis (without expatriate allowance) but perhaps with travel expenses. With the increasing use of video conferencing and other communication development, it has narrow down the possibility of this approach and making it less necessary in the future. Secondly, there is no need for any special scheme for the assignees such as insurance, foreign social security, and pensions as they can stick back to only local scheme. This gives the company another cost saving solution and as well as cutting on the unnecessary procedure in establishing a new scheme for the assignees. Lastly and most importantly, the assignees work-life balance is not tremendously affected. The assignees do not need to move their family abroad and their children’s education are not affected. The current trend of expatriation 2011 As the global economy continues to improve, more and more companies are increasing their presence in the emerging market where international assignments have become key aspect in the global economic recovery. Following the reliable source from the 2011 Global Relocation Trends Survey published by Brookfield Global Relocation Services [ (Brookfield GRS 2011 Global Relocation Trends Survey Report, 2011) ], China is where they are heading. According to the survey, China ranked the most common new destination followed by Brazil, India and Singapore. In terms of difficulties, China still sits on top of the list followed by India, Russia and Brazil. This gives a good reflection of the assignee volume going into these locations and the competition for housing and schooling will create delays and difficulties to the relocation and at the same time giving negative impact on the relocation experience. Conclusion In order to draw a bottom line on the above discussion, I personally view that self-initiated assignment would be the acceptable form of assignment from my generation. The current trend is leaning more towards modern thinking and not being hold back by the conventional belief and thinking. Take for example, the young adult nowadays do not rush through their marriage at early age and the average marriage age have increased to over 30 years old in contradictory with 18-22 years old during the olden days. This has indirectly give an impact to the working trend where employees remain single till the age of over 30 years old and they tend to be mobile and not restricted to family pressure or spouse’s career. Coming to this modern generation, we are starting to adapt to a very competitive environment where the local market is getting more and more saturated. In order to overcome this matter, we have to go out from our home country to get a well-paid jobs rather than saturating further in the local market. Therefore, this type of assignment is some kind of ‘killing two birds with one stone’ where companies can expect to save cost by hiring these assignees on contract basis and the assignees can expect to earn higher foreign exchange rate wages overseas compared to working in their home country. Considering the mutual benefits from this type of assignments, in the coming future we can expect to see the self-initiated assignment to gain popularity among the companies and also the prospective employees.

Violent Video Games in Society

Violent Video Games in Society 53 percent. That is the number received from all adults included in a survey asking their thoughts on whether they thought children got more or less violent after being introduced to violent video games. The majority believed it was fine to let the children play such content as studies have not yet proved violence in youth has a direct correlation to video games. VIdeo gaming is a multi-billion dollar industry bringing in more money than both movies and DvDs young people love getting their hands on a controller and the feeling of being thrown into a whole immersive new world. Some people might compare the feeling to reading a book but a lot better due to the graphics and dialogue. Video games have been shown to be a natural teacher to young people and that fact cannot be diminished, however with the increasing violent nature of our society more and more violent video games can be almost guaranteed in the markets. Although these might spark controversy, seeing real life events unfold in front of a childs face is more likely to make them violent than playing a video game in the comfort of their own home. According to Video Games and Crime Michael R. Ward states Relatedly, it is possible that violent games are particularly attractive to otherwise violent individuals. Independent of whether violent video game play causes a behavioral change in which individuals become more violent, it could substitute for the time spent in violent activities thereby decreasing the total amount of violence. Referring to the idea that people that play video games are so absorbed into the activity that they will spend more time playing than actually going out and pursuing violent activities. Although these facts are quite persuasive, many attempts have still been made by a few parties to reduce violence among children and teens such as the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) which bases gaming content upon alphabetical lettering. Every letter means something different and varies from EC to AO. Games have a small box located on the cases on the bottom left of the front cover. EC referring to games a ppropriate for Early Childhood. E10+ Referring to games appropriate for everyone ages 10 and up. T for teens. M for mature. And finally AO for games only appropriate for adults. Although this system is not foolproof it has been shown to reduce the amount of violence in children since the late 1990s. Reality games have been a huge game changer in the gaming community. Things such as Life Simulator, Job Simulator and so much more have effectively changed the perspectives of most young people. Showing more things about life than they would normally learn in school, Paying Bills. Reading house notes. Getting up and ready for a job and even to the point of having a wife and kid. These have been purposely made to mimic real life events to show people how life can be if they have never experienced something like that before. As the real world evolves, so do the games we play as many of them are based upon true or real world events. War. Theft. Death. Destruction. Many of these things have been included in new and even more realistic video games. Although many can be beneficial, games such as these are very surreal. Imploring the audience to realize how very horrible the world is or even visualize these situations. Even at this point these games are beneficial allowing the community to see and (if the game is immersive enough) feel how heartbreaking the loss of a friend can be. People who have bought new software such as a PlayStation (PS2, PS3, PS4) or XBox (Xbox-360 or Xbox One) have been able to play online with friends from around the world. Whether Youre defending humanitys last hope as a cyborg in the first person alien killing game Halo on XBox, or youre Defending a city with mystical powers against a pack of monsters in the addictive role-playing game known as EverQuest on Playstation. In many ways Video games are a whole new social platform. One of the biggest in fact, According to a state of the industry report by Spil Games about 1.2 billion people around the world play games alone, and over 700 million play online! Finding friends online, meeting new people and helping them out is what we all do on a day to day basis, and with video games you can do all of this in the comfort of your own home. A study, conducted by Tsung-Yen Chuang and Wei-Fan Chen and published in the April 2009 edition of Educational Technology Society concluded that more research needs to be done and that games to enhance learning need to be thoughtfully created, but they also concluded that from the results of this study, computer-based video games could function as powerful tools in assisting childrens cognitive processes. In this world it is important for everyones children to learn as quickly as possible. This is the most technologically advanced the world has ever been and with that being said everyone has unlimited information available at all times. People just have to make it all count for the future of our society, video games can change the future There are many many precautions that come along with the evolution of video games, but the fact remains that although some might be too violent for certain children studies have shown that they still retain important information than they usually would in school. These gaming platforms have become a basis upon which we teach our children the basic concept of imagination. Showing them that anything can be possible as long as you put your mind to it and have the willingness to do something. Instead of getting rid of games altogether, I suggest that we rather provide more information about life into them.. Works Cited Video Games and Children: Playing with Violence. Video Games and Children: Playing with Violence, June 2015, www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Children-and-Video-Games-Playing-with-Violence-091.aspx. Accessed 2 February 2017. Ward, Michael R. Video Games and Crime. Contemporary Economic Policy, vol. 29, no. 2, 2011, p. 261. Academic OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONEsw=wu=j020902v=2.1it=rid=GALE|A254245440asid=d06c35b32a0b773bc5e32d73b8f946dd.ÂÂ   Accessed 5 February 2017 Video Games. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection, Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/PC3010999329/OVIC?u=j020902xid=6398fb1e. Accessed 7 Feb. 2017 Video Games. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection, Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/PC3010999329/OVIC?u=j020902xid=6398fb1e. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.

Being A Good Father :: essays research papers

Being A Good Father   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although the essay â€Å"My Father’s Son† and the poem â€Å"my father’s son† written by the same author, Mel Donalson and have similar titles, they have different ways to express the son’s feeling of his father’s character, merit and devotion to his family. Both essay and poem’s main ideas center around affection and father’s commitment to his family. However, the poem only describes the cold weather and the father’s image in his regular life style without expression of the author’s deep feeling. It is understandable that the poem mainly expresses the author’s naà ¯ve character during his childhood. On the other hand, the essay is more detail in describing the author’s different feelings from his journey from boyhood to manhood. Unlike the poem, Donalson focuses on his life’s experience and development with his changeable attitude to father: from ungratefulness and contemp t to thankfulness and respect. Although both the poem and essay are different in form and narrator, they share the same elements and visual images to support the author’s message of respect between a father and son.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The author, Donalson, uses visual images in both the poem and essay to describe the respectable father whom the author had. He uses the word â€Å"gladiator† to describe his father. â€Å"Gladiator† literally means man trained to fight with weapons at public shows in an arena; however, it symbolizes his father’s courage and tolerance of hard-working environment. In the poem, the poet portrays his father as â€Å"dark and beautiful† and uses the phrases â€Å"broadness of his back,† and â€Å"a large dry hand† to describe his father. â€Å"Dark and beautiful† tells the reader that the author knows his father’s humble origin in the South but he still appreciates his father’s appearance. â€Å"Broadness of his back† shows his father is a strong and powerful man. All those merits of his father give reason that his father is a respectable man. In the essay, similar descriptions used to describe his f ather like â€Å"dark shadow moving against the white background,† â€Å"dark face hidden beneath a knit cap,† and â€Å"his giant steps.† Donalson emphasizes his father is a big and powerful man. His endurance and responsibility to his family really please the author. His father never did anything special besides â€Å"piling the Christmas gifts† and â€Å"covering the car insurance† to his son but he can still manage to endear himself to his family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In contrast to the poem, Donalson uses limited omniscient narrator in his essay to reveal to the reader his deep feelings of respect to his father.